architecture
System Overview
How Twinise devices, cloud services, and Unreal runtime components work together.
System Overview
Twinise is a telemetry pipeline for digital twin workflows. It moves data from field hardware to cloud ingestion, then into Unreal Engine for real-time visualization and logic.
Architecture At A Glance
Twinise has four layers:
- Edge devices collect signals from sensors.
- Devices publish structured telemetry over MQTT to per-device topics (
device/<id>/telemetry). - Twinise Cloud ingests, stores, and routes device streams.
- Clients — including the Unreal runtime — subscribe over STOMP on secure WebSockets and bind values to scene behavior.
Edge Layer
Devices are provisioned over BLE with:
- Wi-Fi credentials
- A per-device access token
The hardware ID is factory-assigned and encoded in the device's QR label; the publish interval is set in firmware.
Typical metrics include:
- Temperature, humidity, and pressure (BME280 sensor nodes)
- Energy, vibration, air-quality, and other readings via simulated device types used during development
Cloud Layer
Cloud services are responsible for:
- Device registry and online/offline status
- MQTT ingest of device telemetry
- Time-series persistence
- Stream fanout to consumers over STOMP on secure WebSockets (including Unreal clients)
Devices publish JSON to per-device topics; the platform's listener service ingests and stores accepted frames.
Runtime Layer (Unreal)
The Unreal plugin receives telemetry, maps device_id values to actors/components, and updates runtime systems:
- Material parameters
- Niagara systems
- Gameplay/logic events
- UI overlays
Core Data Flow
- Sensor sample is captured on device.
- Device publishes a JSON payload with timestamp and metric keys.
- Cloud ingests the payload, stores it, and streams it to subscribers.
- Unreal client receives update and applies bindings.
Security And Reliability Baseline
- Platform API and client streams use TLS (HTTPS/WSS); device transport authentication and hardening are in active development
- Per-device access tokens are delivered at provisioning over BLE, not compiled into firmware
- Devices retry the connection a bounded number of times, then resume at the next wake cycle
- The hub gateway buffers telemetry in memory and uploads in batches; battery devices publish once per wake cycle